Preoperative imaging and surgical margins in maxillectomy patients.

This was a retrospective study on medical files of 69 patients that underwent maxillectomy as primary treatment for a squamous cell carcinoma.

Cranial or dorsal tumor extension on preoperative imaging was a significant risk factor for positive surgical margins after maxillectomy with significant negative influence on overall survival.

More than one third (39%) of all resections performed is incomplete, with dorsal or dorsocranial-positive surgical margins in two thirds. Correlation of tumor extension on preoperative imaging to surgical margins status revealed that dorsal and cranial tumor extension were significant prognostic factors for tumor positive surgical margins (p = .006 and p = .031, respectively). Positive margins were associated with a 2-fold increased risk of death (hazard ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.9).

High rates of positive surgical margins are reported after a maxillectomy. A large part of tumors that are preoperatively considered "operable" can thus not be resected with tumor-free margins.